Math Tutor Bob

bob@mathtutorbob.com

Helping you succeed in math.

Multiplying Fractions

Multiplying fractions is very easy. Just multiply the top (numerator) and multiply the bottom (denominator) and you have the answer. To explain, consider

                      1⁄4 * 3⁄8

Multiply the numerators ... which is 1*3 = 3

And the denominators ... which is 4*8 = 32

             So     1⁄4 * 3⁄8 = 3⁄32
             

Its rather simple, multiply the numerators (tops) and the denominators (bottoms). And, of course, just like multiplying three integers (say 3*4*2) multiply them one at a time. So, try these and see if you can get the right answer.


     1⁄4 * 3⁄8 = 3⁄32

     3⁄4 * 3⁄5 = 9⁄20
                                                                   
     3⁄5 * 3⁄7 = 9⁄35
                                                                   
     1⁄4 * 5⁄7 = 5⁄28
                                                                   
     3⁄4 * 1⁄2  * 3⁄5  = 9⁄40
                                                                   
     4⁄7 * 2⁄3  * 2⁄3  = 16⁄63
     

Sometimes the final answer is a fraction which needs to be reduced, such as:

        3⁄4 * 4⁄5 = 12⁄20 

Now the fraction

       12⁄20 

can be reduced by cancelling a 4. To explain

 12⁄20  can be written as (4*3)⁄(4*5)

and the two 4s can be cancelled, giving a final answer of

          3⁄5 

Of course this cancellation process at the end could have been avoided if it was recognized early on that 4 could be cancelled in the original problem. That is to say given the original problem,

       3⁄4 * 4⁄5 

The 4 in the denominator of the first fraction and the 4 in the numerator of the second fraction could have been cancelled, thereby giving the final answer much quicker.

A few more with cancelling ...

    2⁄3 * 6⁄7 = 4⁄7  cancel 3 from top and bottom using 3 and 6
        
    2⁄5 * 10⁄11 = 4⁄11  cancel 5 using 5 and 10
        
    4⁄7 * 7⁄8 = 1⁄2  cancel 7 using two 7s and cancel 4 using 4 and 8
        
    1⁄2 * 2⁄3 = 1⁄3  cancel 2 using two 2s
        
    21⁄25 * 5⁄7 = 3⁄5  cancel 7 using 21 and 7 AND cancel 5 using 5 and 25

References multiplication of fractions.

Calculator Soup - has a "fraction calculator" which you can enter your own fractions and then "Calculate" and compare your answer with theirs.

More Examples

Now, lets consider a few more

      43⁄5 *  1⁄2  

To make sure that is clear ... four and three-fifths times one-half.
Well, first we must change the mixed number

      43⁄5 

to an improper fraction. This is

      43⁄5 = 23⁄5

And now carry on with the multiplication of the fractions.

      23⁄5 * 1⁄2 = 23⁄10
        
      Which reduces to  23⁄10 

A useful fraction calculator from one Dad and two Daughters